The rusty-barred owl's breeding season appears to be between August and October, though it has also been reported to be between December and March. It sometimes forages in the forest canopy. One study in Brazil found that about three quarters of the prey was rodents, and marsupials were most of the other quarter. Though its diet has not been extensively studied, it is known to include small mammals, birds, and arthropods, and probably also reptiles and amphibians. The rusty-barred owl is a nocturnal hunter. The rusty-barred owl is believed to be a year-round resident throughout its range. In elevation it ranges from sea level to at least 1,000 m (3,300 ft). It can be found close to human habitation. It inhabits the interior and edges of a variety of wooded landscapes including montane, tropical evergreen, and temperate forest secondary forest and pine platations. The rusty-barred owl is found in southeastern Brazil from Minas Gerais to Rio Grande do Sul, in southeastern Paraguay, and in Argentina's extreme northeastern Misiones Province. Juveniles are overall buff with faint darker barring. The eyes are dark brown, the bill yellowish horn, and the toes yellowish gray. The chest and flanks are orangish buff and the belly is whiter both areas have dark brown bars. Adults' upperparts have white, brown, and orange-buff barring. The species has light rusty brown facial discs with concentric darker brown rings and small white "eyebrows". The rusty-barred owl is about 35 cm (14 in) long. All three have vocalizations that are very different from those of other Strix owls and genetic studies may find that they belong in their own genus. It appears to be most closely related to the Chaco owl ( S. The rusty-barred owl is one of seven members of genus Strix found in South America, according to the International Ornithological Committee (IOC). It is found in Argentina, Brazil (where it is known as the Brazilian owl), and Paraguay. The rusty-barred owl ( Strix hylophila) is a medium-sized " typical owl" in subfamily Striginae.
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